Foot-Mouth Syndrome: Symptoms, Treatment and Prevention

Hand-foot-and-mouth syndrome is a common viral infection, especially in children under five, but it can also affect adults. Caused by viruses of the Coxsackie genus, this syndrome is characterized by a localized rash on the hands, feet and around the mouth. It is often benign, but can be uncomfortable for sufferers.

Symptoms of hand-foot-and-mouth syndrome

The first signs of infection generally appear between three and seven days after exposure to the virus. Symptoms include:

-Mild fever: Fever often precedes the onset of other symptoms.

-Sore throat: Patients may complain of pain when swallowing.

-Rash: small red blisters appear on the palms of the hands, soles of the feet, and around the mouth. These rashes can also develop on the knees, elbows and buttocks.

-Mouth ulcers: Small, painful ulcers can appear inside the mouth, making swallowing difficult.

-Loss of appetite: Mouth ulcers can make eating uncomfortable.

Transmission of hand-foot-and-mouth syndrome

The virus responsible for hand-foot-and-mouth syndrome is easily transmitted by direct contact with nose and throat secretions, saliva, stools and blister fluid. The virus can also be spread via contaminated surfaces, such as toys or doorknobs.

Treatment and symptom management

There is no specific treatment for hand-foot-and-mouth syndrome. Treatment is mainly symptomatic:

-Fever and pain relief: Antipyretics such as acetaminophen or ibuprofen can help reduce fever and pain.

-Hydration: It's important to keep well hydrated, especially if swallowing is difficult due to mouth ulcers.

-Rest: Rest is essential to allow the body to fight infection.

Blisters and ulcerations usually heal spontaneously within 7 to 10 days. During this period, it is advisable to limit contact with other people to avoid spreading the virus.

Prevention

It is difficult to prevent infection altogether, but certain measures can reduce the risk of spread:

-Hand hygiene: Wash your hands frequently with soap and water, especially after changing a diaper or wiping a child's nose.

-Surface cleaning: Regularly disinfect commonly touched surfaces, such as toys and door handles.

-Avoid sharing: Do not share cups, utensils or towels with an infected person.

When should you see a doctor?

Hand-foot-and-mouth syndrome is generally benign and requires no specific medical treatment. However, it is advisable to consult a doctor if :

- Fever lasts more than three days.

- The child shows signs of dehydration (dry mouth, crying without tears, decreased urination).

- Symptoms seem to worsen or not improve after 10 days.

Conclusion

Hand-foot-and-mouth syndrome is a common and usually benign condition, but it can be uncomfortable, especially in young children. With good symptom management and rigorous hygiene, most children and adults recover quickly without complications. If you have any concerns or need personalized medical advice, please do not hesitate to consult a healthcare professional. You can also book an appointment with us online at allodocteur.ca for a consultation tailored to your needs.