Restless Leg Syndrome: Understanding and Treating this Neurological Disorder

As a French-born family physician and medical director who completed my schooling and practiced in France before moving to Quebec, I'd like to share information about restless legs syndrome (RLS), an often misunderstood neurological disorder. This article aims to help patients recognize the symptoms and understand the treatment options available.

What is Restless Leg Syndrome?

Restless legs syndrome (RLS), also known as Willis-Ekbom disease, is a neurological disorder characterized by an irresistible urge to move the legs. This urge is often accompanied by unpleasant sensations, such as tingling, pulling or itching, mainly in the lower limbs. These symptoms usually appear at rest, especially in the evening and at night, disrupting sleep and affecting quality of life.

Causes and risk factors

The exact causes of RLS remain unknown, but several factors may contribute to its development:

-Genetics: RLS can be hereditary. Around 50% of sufferers have a relative affected by the syndrome.

-Iron deficiency: Low levels of iron in the brain may be a contributing factor.

-Pregnancy: Some pregnant women, especially in the third trimester, may develop symptoms of RLS, which generally disappear after delivery.

-Chronic diseases: Conditions such as Parkinson's disease, diabetes and kidney failure can increase the risk of RLS.

Diagnosis

The diagnosis of RLS is primarily clinical and is based on the following criteria:

1. an irresistible urge to move the legs, often accompanied by unpleasant sensations.

2. symptoms worsen during periods of rest or inactivity.

3. symptoms are partially or totally relieved by movement.

4. symptoms are more pronounced in the evening or at night.

The doctor may also recommend blood tests to check iron levels and other tests to rule out other conditions.

Treatments

RLS treatment aims to relieve symptoms and improve sleep quality. Options include:

-Lifestyle modifications: Regular exercise, hot baths, leg massages and good sleep habits can help reduce symptoms.

-Iron supplements: If iron deficiency is detected, supplements may be prescribed.

-Medications: Dopaminergic drugs, anticonvulsants, benzodiazepines and some analgesics can be used to reduce symptoms.

Conclusion

Restless legs syndrome is a neurological disorder that can significantly affect quality of life. It is essential to consult a healthcare professional for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment. As a family physician, I recommend that you do not hesitate to discuss these symptoms with your doctor to find the best therapeutic approach.

If you have any questions or would like to make an appointment for a consultation, please do not hesitate to contact us via our website allodocteur.ca. Our services include in-home consultations in Montreal starting at $279, depending on the complexity and location of the consultation. We're here to help you regain a better quality of life.